Objectives\u00a0 <\/b>Today, implant restorations are the gold standard treatment for eden\u00adtulous patients. However, short and long-term complications can also occur.<\/p>\n
One of the most com\u00admon causes of implant failure is peri-implantitis defined as an in\u00adflammatory process that affects the hard and soft supporting tis\u00adsues around a functioning im\u00adplant, leading to the loss of the supporting bone.<\/p>\n
In the literature, there are several studies to determine the possible systemic and local factors asso\u00adciated with the onset of peri-im\u00adplantitis.<\/p>\n
The following factors were identified: poor oral hygie\u00adne, a history of periodontitis, dia\u00adbetes, smoking, alcohol con\u00adsumption and genetic characteri\u00adstics. Few authors have instead analyzed the role that thyroid hormones could have on the on\u00adset of peri-implantitis.<\/p>\n
The aim of this study was to eva\u00adluate the scientific literature on the influence of thyroid hormones on the onset of peri-implantitis.<\/p>\n
Materials and methods\u00a0 <\/b>This study analyzes and discus\u00adses the scientific literature on the relationship between thyroid hor\u00admones and peri-implantitis at 2017. A search on PubMed, Sco\u00adpus and Web of Science was conducted and only four studies respected the inclusion and exclusion criteria.<\/p>\n
Results\u00a0 <\/b>Three studies analyzed the im\u00adpact of local and systemic factors on the incidence of implants fai\u00adlures and identified prosthetic re\u00adhabilitations and local factors as risk indicators for peri-implantitis while systemic factors did not se\u00adem to contribute to peri-implant bone loss.<\/p>\n
Only one study showed greater bone loss around implants in hypothyroid patients after one ye\u00adar of prosthetic loading compared to the control group.<\/p>\n
This study also showed a higher incidence of soft tissue complica\u00adtions after the first surgical phase. This is probably because in pa\u00adtients with thyroid disease there is delayed wound healing due to the influence of thyroid hormones on hard and soft tissue.<\/p>\n
Conclusions\u00a0 <\/b>The studies analyzed also show that the correlation between thyroid diseases and peri-implant tissues are present mostly in hypothyroid patients, especially if this disease is not controlled.<\/p>\n
The\u00adrefore, in the management of thyroid patients in implantology, it would be important to evaluate the efficacy of substitution therapy.<\/p>\n
Because of few data present in li\u00adterature it is not possible to esta\u00adblish whether thyroid disorders are a contraindication to implant treatment or a risk factor for im\u00adplant failure.<\/p>\n
Further studies are needed to in\u00advestigate the relationship between thyroid diseases and peri-implant status.<\/p>\n
Clinical significance\u00a0 <\/b>Thyroid hormones play an impor\u00adtant role in bone growth and re\u00admodeling. In cases of hypothyroi\u00addism, a decrease in bone turnover was observed, with a longer dura\u00adtion of the remodeling cycle, an increase in bone mass and also an increased risk of fractures as a result of greater bone rigidity.<\/p>\n
Instead, in cases of hyperthyroidism there was an increase in bone turno\u00adver and higher stimulation of osteo\u00adblastic and osteoclastic activity with a predominance of the latter. The hi\u00adgher osteoclastic activity results in a reduction in bone mass and a con\u00adsequent increased risk of fractures due to greater bone fragility.<\/p>\n
The action that thyroid hormones have on bone tissue and the con\u00adsequences that hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism may have on bone metabolism may affect the peri-implant state resulting in in\u00adcreased bone loss.<\/p>\n
Per continuare la lettura gli abbonati possono scaricare l’allegato.<\/i><\/p>\n
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