Association between the dimension of the permanent molars/alveolar bone and distal tooth movement with TADs – A CBCT study

OBJECTIVES: To determine if the dimension of the maxillary permanent molars and the surrounding alveolar bone influence the amount of distal movement of the maxillary first permanent molar during tooth movement with mini-implants.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen young patients undergoing distal movement of the maxillary teeth with mini-implants were included in the study. The entire maxillary dentition was distalized on 0.018”x0.025” stainless steel wire with 200 grams of force applied from mini- implants placed between the maxillary second premolar and first permanent molar to attachments placed on the maxillary anterior teeth.
The distal movement of the maxillary first permanent molars was measured on lateral cephalograms and correlated with the mesio-distal length, buccolingual width and height of the maxillary first and second permanent molars and the buccolingual width of the surrounding alveolar bone measured with CBCT (Cone Beam Computed Tomography). Pearson’s correlation analysis was done.

RESULTS: All the results were not statistically significant. There was no association/ very weak association measured at the buccolingual width at the cementoenamel junction and a weak negative correlation measured at the buccolingual width at the widest portion of the root of the first and second permanent molar to the amount of tooth movement.
The vertical height of the root of the maxillary first and second permanent molar had no correlation/ very weak correlation and a weak negative correlation respectively to the amount of tooth movement. The mesiodistal length of the maxillary first and second permanent molar did not show a correlation or a very weak correlation at the cementoenamel junction and the widest portion of the tooth and the amount of tooth movement.
The buccolingual width of the alveolar bone surrounding the maxillary first permanent molar showed a weak positive association to the amount of distal movement of teeth at T1 and T2. The buccolingual width of the alveolar bone surrounding the maxillary second permanent molar showed a moderate positive correlation of the right side at T1 and T2 and very weak or no association on the left side at T1 and T2 when associated with the amount of distal movement of the maxillary first permanent molar.
There was no association/a very weak association between the amount of distal movement of the maxillary first permanent molar and the change in the buccolingual width of the alveolar bone surrounding the first and second permanent molar.

CONCLUSIONS: There is no statistically significant correlation between the dimension of the maxillary first and second permanent molars and the buccolingual width of the surrounding alveolar bone on the distal movement of the maxillary dentition with mini-implants.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Evaluating the dimension of the maxillary permanent molars and the surrounding alveolar bone along with other factors may help in ascertaining the amount of distal tooth movement possible in a particular patient and help in the selection of appropriate treatment plan.

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